There is starting to be much discussion within Music Therapy research about the value and necessity of Arts-Based Research (ABR) methods in this field. Arts-based Research, according to Viega and Forinash (2016), not only involves the arts as a research method, but also as a methodology based on a “creative worldview” (pp. 981). Previous studies show how the use of ABR methods in Music Therapy has the potential to empower participants by including their much-needed lived experience as part of the research. This is particularly relevant in research with adult individuals with autism and intellectual disabilities, whose creativity might be undervalued due to their diagnoses. Therefore, the research question for this paper was “Does Music Therapy encourage creativity within adults with autism and intellectual disabilities?” In order to answer this question, the author conducted a systematic review which focused on the study designs, Music Therapy interventions and outcomes of the studies found in the search.To search for relevant studies, the author used the Western Sydney University Library, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect and JSTOR. The key terms were “music therapy”, “adults” AND “autism”, and “music therapy”, “adults” AND “intellectual disabilities”. The search produced 1,205 studies, and 15 met the inclusion criteria. The most common study design in this topic was case studies, with the outcomes of the intervention being based on Music Therapists’ narrative inquiries and participants’ musical contributions, a feature of ABR methods. Common Music Therapy interventions included a combination of mainly improvisational, re-creative and compositional methods. Additionally, Community Music Therapy was found to be an effective avenue for the improvement of social and emotional wellbeing. Outcomes include emotional expression and social interactions. Creativity and identity formation were also significant results that occurred through combined music and art interventions. It is recommended that Music Therapy researchers explicitly incorporate Arts-Based Research methods in order to encourage and showcase the creativity of autistic adults and adults with intellectual disabilities.