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Evaluating the RAP...SEC Framework in Music Therapy Education: Student and Graduate Perspectives

Tracks
Stream Three
Friday, October 17, 2025
2:10 PM - 2:20 PM
Terrace Room 1&2

Overview

Dr Al Fuller & Lauren Bortolazzo


Speaker

Agenda Item Image
Dr Al Fuller
Western Sydney University

Evaluating the RAP...SEC Framework in Music Therapy Education: Student and Graduate Perspectives

Abstract

This presentation shares findings from a mixed-methods study evaluating the RAP...SEC (Referral, Assessment, Planning...Sessions, Evaluation, Closure) framework, an andragogical model developed within the [PROGRAM] at [UNIVERSITY]. RAP...SEC is grounded in principles of adult learning (Knowles et al., 2020) and practice-based education (Higgs et al., 2012). It scaffolds reflective practice and therapeutic reasoning, supporting students in understanding and designing music therapy applications for diverse therapeutic contexts. While embedded in subject design and assessment, the framework had not been formally evaluated until this study.

This study explored how current students and recent graduates comprehend, apply and experience professional alignment with RAP...SEC. Data were collected via an anonymous online survey and follow-up focus groups. Quantitative responses were analysed descriptively, while qualitative data were examined thematically using Braun and Clarke’s six-phase approach (2022).

Findings suggest that RAP...SEC contributes to the development of students’ professional identity and reflective capability, aligning with Schön’s (1983) conception of the reflective practitioner. Participants described the framework as a structured yet adaptable lens through which to interpret the therapeutic process. It was seen to enhance students’ capacity to plan, evaluate and respond within practice with integrity and flexibility. Respondents also noted the framework’s alignment with the AMTA Professional Standards for Music Therapy, particularly those elements related to planning and evaluation.

By illuminating how a structured andragogical model can foster authentic learning, this research offers timely insights for the music therapy education community. Findings underscore the importance of curriculum approaches that bridge student experience with professional standards, reinforcing the value of education frameworks that prepare music therapists to practice with integrity, adaptability and reflective clarity. In doing so, this work contributes to the profession’s ongoing impact and innovation, celebrating the evolution of music therapy education in concert with the celebration of AMTA’s 50-year milestone.

Biography

Dr Al Fuller and Lauren Bortolazzo (PhD Candidate) are educators and researchers within the MusicTherapy@Western initiative at Western Sydney University. Together they contribute to curriculum design, teaching, and research on reflective practice, student learning, work integrated learning and professional identity formation in music therapy education.
Lauren Bortolazzo
Western Sydney University

Evaluating the RAP...SEC Framework in Music Therapy Education: Student and Graduate Perspectives

Biography

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